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The Art of Personal Sādhana

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    viparyaya

    Devanāgarī: विपर्यय Translation: wrong perception, misapprehension, error, mistake; intrinsic misconception; reversed, inverted, perverse, contrary to Similar words:avidyā Opposite words:pramāṇa, pratyakṣa Related concepts:vikalpa

    Appears in

    Yoga Sūtra:

    Chapter 1: 6 , 8

    Sāṃkhya Kārikā:

    14 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 49


    Click here for complete Saṃskṛta Index

    Commentaries around

    “The five groups are
    right perception,
    wrong perception,
    imagination,
    deep sleep and
    remembrance.”
    – Paul Harvey on Yoga Sūtra Chapter One verse 6

    “A particular Dharma is not there,
    but somewhere we feel it is there.”
    – T Krishnamacharya on Yoga Sūtra Chapter One verse 8

    “Even when our understanding is consistent with our perception or repeated experience,
    it does not necessarily indicate a fact.
    For instance,
    if we assume that a person is a woman simply because that person is dressed in a woman’s clothes,
    this is called Viparyaya or mental activity that is based on something other than fact.
    Viparyaya, then, is comprehension based on a perceived characteristic in the observer,
    which leads to false assumptions.”
    – T Krishnamacharya on Yoga Sūtra Chapter One verse 8

    “Viparyaya is seeing what we want to see,
    or not seeing what we need to see.”
    – Paul Harvey on Yoga Sūtra Chapter One verse 8

    “Viparyaya is merely an opinion,
    convincing in its rightness to exist.
    A flight of fancy, posing, as if a truth.”
    – Paul Harvey on Yoga Sūtra Chapter One verse 8

    “The way to Yoga is experienced
    through the art of living skilfully
    within the defects of translation,
    rather than aspiring romantically
    after the effects of transcendence.”
    – Paul Harvey on Bhagavad Gītā Chapter Two verse 50

    “These problems in our observation are related to the mixing of:

    • Vikalpa: Imagination is already there operating when we begin to observe. All the more that we are better and better informed about what we should see, etc.
    • Viparyaya: Because of the past Saṃskāra, there is a sort of perversion in observation.
    • Smṛti: Memory is, unfortunately, never factual.

    Finally, we should never forget that all conclusions are wrong, because things change. Hence the importance of private lessons, which allow for more flexibility.”
    – TKV Desikachar 1981

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    Related

    This glossary with its similar, opposite and related concepts categories, supplemented by textual references and additional commentaries around the key word, is a both work in progress and constantly ever-expanding in terms of further cross-references, textual cross links and commentaries.
    As it continues to develop your comments and suggestions on your experience and how it may be enhanced are very welcome via this link, thank you.
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